Francois Dufrene Could be considered the younger of the first generation sound poets. already in the lettrist group when he was only 16 years old, with his own style marked by an hyper-powerful voice. in 1953, at the age of 23, he became ultra-lettrist, starting his first crirhythms by overpassing the alphabet in the perspective of the physical improvised scream. dufrene produced primitive, brutal poems opening the path of vocal sounds to contemporary composers. hE also developed unique performances, with live reading of his written text. the most famous is tombeau de pierre larousse, published in 1958